The Qing Dynasty was founded by the Manchu in what is today Manchuria. Starting in 1644, it expanded into China proper and its surrounding territories, establishing the Empire of the Great Qing. The Qing Dynasty was the last Imperial dynasty of China.
With foreign interventions, revolts, and defeats in wars, the Qing Dynasty declined after the mid-19th century. The Qing Dynasty was overthrown following the Xinhai Revolution, when the Empress Dowager abdicated on behalf of the last emperor on February 12, 1912. The "Dragon Flag" was the symbol of Qing authority and sovereignty.